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runtime and the application became a pluggable organism, where new modules could be easily plugged in at runtime To achieve this, rich metadata and type information had to be available, leading to the concept of self-describing systems Extending the concept of self-describing systems to the network gave rise to service orientation And because the application is now distributed across the network, the design of the application has moved away from monolithic event and method messaging on a single machine toward a true message-oriented system where requests, responses, and streams are message-oriented across the network Thus, the selfdescription of the application had to extend to the format of messages that it made and accepted, and service orientation was born.

Iterators need data to iterate over. Most of the time the data exists, either in memory, on disk, or somewhere on the Internet. However, sometimes an iterator will work with an enumerator that actually generates values (for example, random numbers). An example of the latter case is given in one of the programs we ll look at later. The Iterator pattern is the one that has received the most assistance from language design in recent years. For this reason, the UML diagram in Figure 9-3 shows the statements that are involved, on an equal footing with the classes. In C# 3.0, the names of the interface (IEnumerable) and its one enumerator method (GetEnumerator) are fixed. GetEnumerator is automatically invoked from the foreach statement. Other enumerator methods can also be implemented and called from the Client. These are indicated by OtherOps in the diagram.

List disallows = new ArrayList();

The typical application was built from a number of service components, each component having a well-defined interface and messaging structure, and each providing a unique, discoverable service that can be found and invoked dynamically There are four main rules or tenets regarding what makes true service orientation Following these tenets enables you to create a loosely coupled system of nimble services that can be orchestrated and integrated into an application Explicit boundaries: Based on the concept of encapsulation, service orientation dictates that services are agnostic of their underlying implementation, and that they have well-defined public interfaces WCF allows for this through an opt-in code attribute based model Autonomy: It is recognized that the service will evolve over time, be it through bugfixing internally in the service, the location of the service changing, or the footprint of the service changing with the addition or removal of public methods.

and look for DISALLOW tokens. Any token immediately following a DISALLOW is presumed to be (potentially) a path:

Client collection <<interface>> IEnumerable +GetEnumerator( )

The system must be designed to support this, and loose coupling of services helps achieve this end Sharing based on contract and schema: You should not have to know about the internal workings of a service in order to exchange data with it you simply use the defined contract according to the explicitly defined boundary Policy-based compatibility: A service defines its communication policy based on its configuration, class attributes, and method footprint This policy can then be retrieved by the client in order to configure itself to communicate with the service..

StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(buffer.toString()); while(tokenizer.hasMoreElements()) { String element = tokenizer.nextToken(); if( element.equalsIgnoreCase(DISALLOW) && tokenizer.hasMoreElements() ) { String path = tokenizer.nextToken(); disallows.add(path); } }

Collection structure = supplied +GetEnumerator( ) +OtherOps( )

The following code iterates over the disallow tokens gathered and converts them into absolute paths and then URLs to forbid access:

Programming WCF is all about remembering the ABC of Address, Binding, and Contract. You ll step through some scenarios of building a WCF service that returns the address data from earlier, and add onto it with security, transactability, and reliability. This is a huge topic deserving of several books in its own right, but hopefully you ll glean enough

Iterator i = disallows.iterator(); while(i.hasNext()) { String path = (String)i.next(); try { URL disallowedURL = new URL(link,path); forbidden.add(disallowedURL);

The players in the pattern are: